README

A simple Database Access Manager and Data Access Object class.

This package provides a quick access for

ExtendedPdo and ConnectionPools from AuraPHP/Sql package,
slick query composition using ScoreSql, and
a simple Dao (Database Access Object).

license

MIT License

Sample Usage

configuration

Uses static DB class as a gateway (aka facade) to database manager (DbAccess class).

Use DB::config() method to configure the db connection.

DB::config( [
    'dsn'  => 'mysql:host=localhost;dbname=name;charset=utf',
    'user' => 'username',
    'pass' => 'password',
    'option' => [],
    'attribute' => []
] );

Please refer to Aura/Sql components for details of the each configuration.

Specify for in the configuration to connect to different databases for reading and writing.

DB::config( [
    'dsn'  => '...',
] );
DB::config( [
    'dsn'  => '...',
    'for'  => 'write',
] );

get connection (i.e. Pdo)

getting the Pdo object for db connection. The ExtendedPdo in Aura/Sql is returned.

$pdo = DB::connect();
$pdo2 = DB::connectWrite();

returns the connection for reading if write connection is not set.

get named connection

Configure different database connection using names.

DB::config( 'log', [
    'dsn' => 'mysql',...
] );
// then get PDO as:
$pdo = DB::connect( 'log' );

Querying Database

Use DB::query() to get a query object to access database. Please refer to ScoreSql to find out how to manipulate the query.

$result = DB::query( 'myTable' )
    ->connect( 'conn' )
    ->where( DB::given( 'status' )->is( 5 ) )
    ->select();

The connect() maybe omitted if the default connection is used.

EntityObject

As default, the Dao object returns the found database record as EntityObject class. This class has a reference to the Dao object to provide many useful functions while keeping the code base to a minimum size.

some functions are:

mutating values to an object (or back).
accessing data as a property, or as array.
finding the modified data.
get the primary key.
get the relation objects.

ActiveRecord

Dao can return object as ActiveRecord class, as

class YourDao extends Dao
{
    protected $fetch_class = 'WScore\ScoreDB\Entity\ActiveRecord';
}

The ActiveRecord class will provide more functions added to the EntityObject described above, such as,

save to database.
delete itself from database.
immunize the access to database.

Data Access Object

sample dao class

Extend Dao class.

/**
 * @method User status( $status=1 )
 */
class User extends Dao
{
    protected $table = 'dao_user';
    protected $keyName = 'user_id';
    protected $timeStamps = [
        'created_at' => [
            'created_at',
            'open_date' => 'Y-m-d'
        ],
        'updated_at' => [
            'updated_at'
        ],
    ];

    /**
     * @param int $status
     */
    public function scopeActive() {
        $this->where( $this->status->is( 1 ) );
    }
}

table name and primary key

specify table name as class::$table, and primary key name as class::$keyName.

If these are not set, class name is used as table name, and tableName_id is used as key name.

timestamps

Use class::$timeStamps to indicate stamps: created_at for at the creation of data, and updated_at for updating and creation time.

Specify the date format if different

using DaoTrait

alternatively, use DaoTrait to create dao object using other query class. as such,

class Other extends OtherQuery
{
    user DaoTrait;
}

accessing database

Use $dao object just like a Query object in WScore.SqlBuilder.

selecting:

// list all users with status=1.
$found = $user->where(
    $user->status->is(1)
)->select();

or use $dao object as an iterator.

$users = User::forge();
foreach( $users as $user ) {
    echo $user->name;
}

updating:

// update active people to status=2.
$user->active()->update('status'=>2);

or,

$user->status = 2;
$user->active()->update();

inserting:

$user->insert( [ 'name' => 'bob', 'status'=>0 ] );

or,

$user->name = 'bob';
$user->status = 0;
$user->insert();

Scopes and Events in Dao

scopes

Scopes are functions starting with scope. In the scope function, influence the query to get what is desired.

$user = User::forge();
// use $dao as iterator.
foreach( $user->active() as $applied ) {
    echo $applied->name;
}

hooks

Hook methods starts with on, event name, and end with Hook.

class User extends
    public function on{EventName}Hook( $data ) {
    }
}

filters

Filter methods starts with on, event name, and end with Filter.

Filters are for modifying the input or output; make very sure that filters return what is given (or modified value) or nothing will happen.

class User extends
    public function on{EventName}Filter( $data ) {
        return $data;
    }
}

hook objects

The Dao class may become too large with lots of scopes and event hooks. To simplify the dao class, these methods can be transferred to another object (hook object) using setHook() method, such as:

// $hookObject has the events and scopes.
$user->setHook( $hookObject );

available events

whenever accessing database, start with ~ing, and followed by ~ed.

selecting, selected,
loading, loaded,
counting, counted,
inserting, inserted,
updating, updated,
deleting, deleted,

hidden (or already used) events:

createStamp, updateStamp:

for adding timestamps to data when inserting or updating data.

Relation

ScoreDB provides simple relationship classes as,

HasOne,
HasMany, and
HasJoin.

Using Relation

In your Dao class, create methods like'

class YourDao extends Dao
{
    public function getTargetsRelation() {
        return Relation::HasOne( $this, 'TargetDaoName' );
    }
}
$dao     = new YourDao();
$entity  = $dao->find($id);

// get target record using HasOne relation.
$targets = $dao->getTargetsRelation()->entity( $entity )->get();

// or use EntityObject's magic method.
$targets = $entity->targets->get();

to set new relation,

$entity->targets->link( $targetEntity );

WISHES WISHES WISHES

transaction

for transaction, use the Pdo (ExtendedPdo)'s transaction method.

DB::db()->transaction( function() {
    // do database access.
} );

wscore / dbaccess

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