README

Task Definition

Semantic Role Labeling (SRL) is a well-defined task where the objective is to analyze propositions expressed by the verb. In SRL, each word that bears a semantic role in the sentence has to be identified. There are different types of arguments (also called ’thematic roles’) such as Agent, Patient, Instrument, and also of adjuncts, such as Locative, Temporal, Manner, and Cause. These arguments and adjuncts represent entities participating in the event and give information about the event characteristics.

In the field of SRL, PropBank is one of the studies widely recognized by the computational linguistics communities. PropBank is the bank of propositions where predicate- argument information of the corpora is annotated, and the semantic roles or arguments that each verb can take are posited.

Each verb has a frame file, which contains arguments applicable to that verb. Frame files may include more than one roleset with respect to the senses of the given verb. In the roleset of a verb sense, argument labels Arg0 to Arg5 are described according to the meaning of the verb. For the example below, the predicate is “announce” from PropBank, Arg0 is “announcer”, Arg1 is “entity announced”, and ArgM- TMP is “time attribute”.

[_ARG0 Türk Hava Yolları] [_ARG1 indirimli satışlarını] [_ARGM-TMP bu Pazartesi] [_PREDICATE açıkladı].

[_ARG0 Turkish Airlines] [_PREDICATE announced] [_ARG1 its discounted fares] [_ARGM-TMP this Monday].

The following Table shows typical semantic role types. Only Arg0 and Arg1 indicate the same thematic roles across different verbs: Arg0 stands for the Agent or Causer and Arg1 is the Patient or Theme. The rest of the thematic roles can vary across different verbs. They can stand for Instrument, Start point, End point, Beneficiary, or Attribute. Moreover, PropBank uses ArgM’s as modifier labels indicating time, location, temporal, goal, cause etc., where the role is not specific to a single verb group; it generalizes over the entire corpus instead.

Tag	Meaning
Arg0	Agent or Causer
ArgM-EXT	Extent
Arg1	Patient or Theme
ArgM-LOC	Locatives
Arg2	Instrument, start point, end point, beneficiary, or attribute
ArgM-CAU	Cause
ArgM-MNR	Manner
ArgM-DIS	Discourse
ArgM-ADV	Adverbials
ArgM-DIR	Directionals
ArgM-PNC	Purpose
ArgM-TMP	Temporals

Data Annotation

Preparation

Collect a set of sentences to annotate.
Each sentence in the collection must be named as xxxx.yyyyy in increasing order. For example, the first sentence to be annotated will be 0001.train, the second 0002.train, etc.
Put the sentences in the same folder such as Turkish-Phrase.
Build the Java project and put the generated sentence-propbank-predicate.jar and sentence-propbank-argument.jar files into another folder such as Program.
Put Turkish-Phrase and Program folders into a parent folder.

Predicate Annotation

Open sentence-propbank-predicate.jar file.
Wait until the data load message is displayed.
Click Open button in the Project menu.
Choose a file for annotation from the folder Turkish-Phrase.
For each predicate word in the sentence, click the word, and choose PREDICATE tag for that word.
Click one of the next buttons to go to other files.

Argument Annotation

Open sentence-propbank-argument.jar file.
Wait until the data load message is displayed.
Click Open button in the Project menu.
Choose a file for annotation from the folder Turkish-Phrase.
For each word in the sentence, click the word, and choose correct argument tag for that word.
Click one of the next buttons to go to other files.

Classification DataSet Generation

After annotating sentences, you can use DataGenerator package to generate classification dataset for the Semantic Role Labeling task.

Generation of ML Models

After generating the classification dataset as above, one can use the Classification package to generate machine learning models for the Semantic Role Labeling task.

Annotated DataSets

PropBank Annotation

Atis & Framenet & Tourism

Kenet

Penn-Treebank

Framenet Annotation

Atis & Framenet & Tourism

Kenet

Penn-Treebank

For Developers

You can also see Java, Python, Cython, Js, C#, Swift, or C++ repository.

For Contibutors

composer.json file

autoload is important when this package will be imported.

  "autoload": {
    "psr-4": {
      "olcaytaner\\WordNet\\": "src/"
    }
  },

Dependencies should be maximum (not only direct but also indirect references should also be given), everything directly in the code should be given here.

  "require-dev": {
    "phpunit/phpunit": "11.4.0",
    "olcaytaner/dictionary": "1.0.0",
    "olcaytaner/xmlparser": "1.0.1",
    "olcaytaner/morphologicalanalysis": "1.0.0"
  }

Data files

Add data files to the project folder. Subprojects should include all data files of the parent projects.

Php files

Do not forget to comment each function.

    /**
     * Returns true if specified semantic relation type presents in the relations list.
     *
     * @param SemanticRelationType $relationType element whose presence in the list is to be tested
     * @return bool true if specified semantic relation type presents in the relations list
     */
    public function containsRelationType(SemanticRelationType $relationType): bool{
        foreach ($this->relations as $relation){
            if ($relation instanceof SematicRelation && $relation->getRelationType() == $relationType){
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

Function names should follow caml case.

    public function getRelation(int $index): Relation{

Write getter and setter methods.

    public function getOrigin(): ?string
    public function setName(string $name): void

Use standard javascript test style by extending the TestCase class. Use setup when necessary.

class WordNetTest extends TestCase
{
    private WordNet $turkish;

    protected function setUp(): void
    {
        ini_set('memory_limit', '450M');
        $this->turkish = new WordNet();
    }

    public function testSize()
    {
        $this->assertEquals(78327, $this->turkish->size());
    }

Enumerated types should be declared with enum.

enum CategoryType
{
    case MATHEMATICS;
    case SPORT;
    case MUSIC;
    case SLANG;
    case BOTANIC;

If there are multiple constructors for a class, define them as constructor1, constructor2, ..., then from the original constructor call these methods.

    public function constructor1(string $path, string $fileName): void
    public function constructor2(string $path, string $extension, int $index): void
    public function __construct(string $path, string $extension, ?int $index = null)

Use __toString method if necessary to create strings from objects.

    public function __toString(): string

Use xmlparser package for parsing xml files.

  $doc = new XmlDocument("../test.xml");
  $doc->parse();
  $root = $doc->getFirstChild();
  $firstChild = $root->getFirstChild();

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