README

What is Matisse?

Matisse is a component-based template engine for PHP web applications.

Like any other template engine, Matisse generates an HTML document by combining a source (template) document with data from your domain model.

Unlike most other PHP template engines, which deal with HTML markup with embedded commands written on some DSL, Matisse works with components, which are parametrised, composable and reusable units of rendering logic and markup that are written as XML tags.

The source template is an HTML text file where, besides common HTML tags (always lower cased), special tags beginning with a capital letter specify dynamic components.

Example of a Matisse template:

<h1>Some HTML text</h1>
<form>
    <Input name="field1" value="{{ myVar }}"/>
    <Repeat for="{{ !myData }}">
        <Header><ul></Header>
        <li>Item {{ name }}</li>
        <Footer></ul></Footer>
        <NoData>The are no items.</NoData>
    </Repeat>
</form>

On the example above, notice how the <ul> tag is only closed inside the <Footer> tag, seemingly violating the correct HTML tag nesting structure of the template. In reality, the template is perfectly valid and so is the generated HTML output. This happens because, for Matisse, all HTML tags are simply raw text, without any special meaning. All text lying between component tags (those beginning with a capital letter) is converted into as few as possible Text components.

So, the real DOM (as parsed by Matisse) for the example above is:

<Text/>
<Input/>
<Repeat>
    <Header/>
    <Text/>
    <Footer/>
    <NoData/>
</Repeat>
<Text/>

Each component tag is converted into an instance of a corresponding PHP class. When the template is rendered, each component instance is responsible for generating an HTML representation of that component, together with optional (embedded or external) javascript code and stylesheet references or embedded CSS styles.

When writing templates, HTML markup should be written in HTML 5 syntax, component tags must be written in XML syntax. This means attribute values must be always enclosed in quotes, and tags must always be closed, even if the tag has no content (you can use the self-closing tag syntax: <Component/>).

Components can also be defined with pure markup via template files, without any PHP code. Those templates are conceptually similar to parametric macros.

Macro components insert their markup into the host template and then they disappear, leaving just the generated markup (which may contain additional components). When the template is cached to disk for future reuse, all macro components are gone, so the cached template is more performant than the original one.

A more advanced example of a Matisse template, which defines a macro component that implements a customisable panel:

<Template name="Form" defaultParam="content">
  <Param name="type" type="text" default="box-solid box-default"/>
  <Param name="title" type="text"/>
  <Param name="content" type="source"/>
  <Param name="footer" type="source"/>

  <div class="form box {{ @type }}">
    <If the="{{ @title }}" isSet>
      <div class="box-header with-border">
        <h3 class="box-title">{{ @title }}</h3>
      </div>
    </If>
    <div class="box-body">
      {{ @content }}
    </div>
    <If the="{{ @footer }}" isSet>
      <div class="box-footer">
        {{ @footer }}
      </div>
    </If>
  </div>
</Template>

You can then create instances of this component like this:

<Form type="box-info" title="My title">
  <h1>Welcome</h1>
  <p>Some text here...</p>
  <Footer>
    {{ footerText }}
  </Footer>
</Form>

When parsed the template will undergo macro expansion and will be converted to it's final form:

<div class="form box box-info">
  <If the="My title" isSet>
    <div class="box-header with-border">
      <h3 class="box-title">My title</h3>
    </div>
  </If>
  <div class="box-body">
    <h1>Welcome</h1>
    <p>Some text here...</p>
  </div>
  <If the="{{ footerText }}" isSet>
    <div class="box-footer">
      {{ footerText }}
    </div>
  </If>
</div>

If the following view model is defined:

[
  'footerText' => 'Some footer text...'
]

When rendered, the template will generate the following HTML markup:

<div class="form box box-info">
  <div class="box-header with-border">
    <h3 class="box-title">My title</h3>
  </div>
  <div class="box-body">
    <h1>Welcome</h1>
    <p>Some text here...</p>
  </div>
  <div class="box-footer">
    Some footer text...
  </div>
</div>

License

The Selene Framework is open-source software licensed under the MIT license.

selene-framework / matisse

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